Electrical and Technology

Energy Planning Energy is essential for living and vital for development. Affordable energy directly contributes to reducing poverty, increasing productivity and improving quality of life. Likewise lack of access to reliable energy is a severe impediment to sustainable social development and economic growth. For any developing country like ours, the strategy for energy development is an integral part of the overall economic strategy. Efficient use of resources and long term sustainability remains the main objective of economic planning. Sustainability would take into account not only available natural resources and issues related to ecological balance but also established delivery mechanisms, the technological constraints that are prevalent in the system and immediate compulsion to meet the priority needs of the economy, economic equity and self-reliance. In Asia, Japan and China are the largest consumers of energy. In Japan, the energy policy objectives can be summarized as the...

Solar green houses are the enclosures where crops, vegetables, flowers, and plants can be grown under unfriendly climatic conditions. The plant growth gets affected by availability of light, moisture, ambient temperature and carbon dioxide. It is possible to design enclosures which admits sunlight when it is desired and at same time controls inside temperature within acceptable range. Usually, solar greenhouse find application in cold areas where vegetation is damaged due to extreme low temperature. GREENHOUSE EFFECT:- It is only because of greenhouse effect that our life on Earth is possible to a great extent. Without natural greenhouse the Earth's surface temperature would be 33℃ cooler - a chilly - 18℃ rather than the tolerable 15℃. The natural greenhouse is due to naturally occurring greenhouse gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. If this is so then you may be wondering why we are so afraid with greenhouse effect. The reason of our w...

Green Building  Green Building does not refer to building which are green in colour or have been constructed with green parks around. It refers to a conscious practice of addressing the issue of resource conservation in an integrated and scientific manner. By definition, a green building is one which uses less water, optimizes energy efficiency, conserves natural resources, generates less waste and provides healthier spaces for occupants, as compared to a conventional building. Modern-day building have a tendency to use designs and materials which are resource-intensive and are quite often operate in isolation with the nature. Such buildings are very poor in energy efficiency and generate a lot of waste, adding to faster depletion of natural resources. Thus, building are seen today as one of the major pollutants to affect urban air quality and contribute to climate change. GREEN BUILDING A green building depletes very little of the natural resources during its constructi...

The visible and near visible (Ultra-Violet and near Infrared) electromagnetic radiation that is emitted by the Sun is termed as Solar Radiation . The solar radiation has a spectral or wavelength, distribution that corresponds to different energy levels, short wavelength radiation has a higher energy than long wave length radiation. These solar radiation convert into useful forms of energy such as "heat and electricity", using a variety of technologies. The technical feasibility and economical operation of these technologies at a specific location depends on the available solar radiation or solar resource. Photovoltaic Effect :- Photo-voltaics are the technology for conversion of solar radiation (sunlight) directly into electricity. A photo-voltaic cell also called a PV or a solar cell is the device used for this purpose. The PV technology has  emerged as a promising technology to generate electricity for small applications like lighting and meeting other electric...

There are other energy sources which are not so popular but are now gaining importance such as:- Hydrogen Energy Chemical Sources of Energy (Fuel Cells) Geo-Thermal Energy Ocean  and Tidal Energy Biofuels Animal Energy Hydrogen Energy:- In the case of Hydrogen energy , electricity is produced through an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen can be produced from the electrolysis of water using solar energy. It can be extracted from sewage gas, natural gas, naptha  or biogas . Fuel cells can be very widely used for a wide range of applications once they become commercially viable. Hydrogen as Fuel:- Hydrogen as a gas is so much lighter than air that it rises fast and is quickly ejected from the  atmosphere . It found only in the compound which is water and is result of hydrogen combining with oxygen. Hydrogen, when combined with carbon, forms different compounds like methane, coal and petroleum. Hydrogen is ...