Electrical and Technology

Programmable Logic Controller A  programmable logic controller  (PLC) or programmable controller is a solid-state/ computerized industrial computer that performs discrete or sequential logic in a factory environment. It was originally developed to replace mechanical relays, timers, counters. PLCs are used successfully to execute complicated control operations in a plant. Its purpose is to monitor crucial process parameters and adjust process operations accordingly. A sequence of instructions is programmed by the user to the PLC memory and when the program is executed, the controller operates a system to the correct operating specifications. The first PLC system evolved from conventional computers in the late 60s and 70s. These first PLCs were installed primarily in automotive plants. Traditionally the auto plant had to be shut down for up to a month at model change over time. the early PLCs were used with other new automation techniques to shorten the changeover time....

Atomic and Nuclear Physics Atomic physics  is the field of physics that studies atoms as an isolated system of  electrons and an atomic nucleus . It is primarily concerned with the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus and the processes by which these arrangements change. This includes ions as well as neutral atoms and, unless otherwise stated, for the purposes of this discussion it should be assumed that the term atom includes ions. Atomic physics also helps to understand the physics of molecules, but there is also molecular physics, which describes the physical properties of molecules. Nuclear physics  is the field of physics that studies the constituents(protons and neutrons) and interactions of atomic nuclei. The most commonly known applications of nuclear physics are nuclear power generation, but modern nuclear physics contains also particle physics, which is taught in close association with nuclear physics. The nuclear physics has provided application in many...

Introduction of SCADA Prior to the introduction of SCADA, producing floors and modern plants depended on the manual control and screen utilizing press catches and simple hardware. As the size of the enterprises and assembling units developed in size, they began utilizing transfers and clocks, that gave administrative control to a limited degree. Shockingly, transfers and clocks had the option to tackle issues just with insignificant computerization usefulness and reconfiguring the framework was troublesome. Thus, a progressively productive and completely robotized framework was required by all enterprises.  PCs were produced for modern control purposes in the mid-1950s. Gradually, the telemetry idea was presented for virtual correspondence and transmission of information. Around the year 1970, the term SCADA was begotten alongside the development of Microprocessors and PLC ideas. Along these lines, this aided for the advancement of a completely robotized framework, that ca...